العلاقات العائلية · Programme: Asking questions; Describing · Grammar: Question words; long / short adjectives
By the end of this lesson, I can:
- I can ask questions with who, what, when, where, why and how.
- I can describe family members with short and long adjectives.
- I can understand teenagers talking about their family life.
- I can write a short description of a family member (project step 1).
🖼️ Picture dictionary قاموس مصوّر
tap 🔊 to listen📚 كلمات الدرس
9 كلمات من هذا الدرس في القاموس المدرسي: المعنى بالعربية والفرنسية، والنطق، ومثال.
📖 Read: Our families: three voices from the school magazine أقرأ
This month, our school magazine asked three pupils a simple question: What does your family mean to you?
Do you understand? أفهم
Answer in your copybook first, then check.
- Who lives with Yassine and his parents?
Answer
His grandmother lives with them.
- Why did Emma feel miserable a few years ago?
Answer
Because her parents were always fighting and the house was noisy.
- When does Emma see her father?
Answer
Every Sunday.
- Why did Aziz’s father live in an orphanage?
Answer
Because his mother couldn’t afford to look after him.
- How does Aziz describe his father today?
Answer
As a calm, easy-going dad.
🧩 Grammar القواعد
1. Question words (wh- words) ask for information. Each one asks about something different: who ➡️ a person, what ➡️ a thing or an action, when ➡️ time, where ➡️ a place, why ➡️ a reason, how ➡️ the manner. The word order is: wh- word + auxiliary (do / does / did / is / are / can…) + subject + verb: Where does your aunt live?
When who or what is the subject, there is no do / does / did: Who lives with Yassine? (not Who does live…)
2. Short and long adjectives. A short adjective has one syllable (kind, tall, strict, wise) or two syllables ending in -y (funny, happy). A long adjective has two syllables or more (patient, supportive, generous, miserable). An adjective never takes -s: kind parents, not kinds parents.
أدوات الاستفهام: who للشخص، what للشيء، when للزمان، where للمكان، why للسبب، how للكيفية. الصفة القصيرة مقطع واحد، والطويلة مقطعان أو أكثر، والصفة لا تُجمع.
Which wh- word?
| Question word | It asks about… | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Who 🧑 | a person | Who is your favourite relative? |
| What 📦 | a thing / an action | What does your father do? |
| When ⏰ | time | When do you visit your grandparents? |
| Where 📍 | a place | Where does your cousin live? |
| Why ❓ | a reason | Why are you sad? — Because… |
| How 🛠️ | the manner | How does your mum go to work? |
| How old / How many / How often | age / number / frequency | How many brothers have you got? |
Short or long adjective?
| Short adjectives (1 syllable or -y) | Long adjectives (2+ syllables) |
|---|---|
| kind, strict, wise, calm | patient, gentle, honest |
| tall, young, old, nice | supportive, generous, helpful |
| funny, happy, busy, lazy | miserable, easy-going, wonderful |
Before a noun: a strict father. After be, look, seem: My father is strict. Use very or quite to make it stronger or softer: She is quite easy-going.
Describing a person: the order of ideas
- Who? My aunt Leila is 40.
- Looks: She is tall and slim, with curly hair.
- Character: She is generous and supportive.
- An example: She always helps me with my English.
Give a fact to prove each adjective. “She is patient” is good; “She is patient: she explains things again and again” is better!
💬 Useful expressions عبارات مفيدة
Asking questions about a family
Describing people
🔊 Pronunciation النطق
Worked examples أمثلة محلولة
Try first, then read the solution.
Write the question: My cousin lives in Bizerte.
Step-by-step solution
- The underlined part is a place ➡️ use where.
- The verb is in the present simple with he/she ➡️ auxiliary does.
- Put the verb back in the base form: lives ➡️ live.
✓ Where does your cousin live?
Write the question: My uncle repairs our car.
Step-by-step solution
- The underlined part is a person and it is the subject ➡️ who.
- Who is the subject, so no does.
- Keep the verb with -s.
✓ Who repairs your car?
Sort: wise, generous, funny, patient, kind.
Step-by-step solution
- Count the syllables: wise (1), kind (1), fun-ny (2, ends in -y).
- gen-er-ous (3), pa-tient (2).
✓ Short: wise, kind, funny · Long: generous, patient
⚠️ Common mistakes أخطاء شائعة
⭐ Remember أحفظ
- Who = person, what = thing, when = time, where = place, why = reason, how = manner.
- Word order: wh- word + do/does/did + subject + base verb.
- When who or what is the subject, there is no auxiliary: Who lives here?
- Short adjectives: one syllable or two syllables ending in -y; long adjectives: two syllables or more.
- Adjectives go before nouns or after be, and they never take -s.
Quick quiz اختبار سريع
4 questions · instant feedback1. Which question asks about a reason?
2. Choose the correct question for: “My grandmother lives in Kairouan.”
3. Which adjective is long?
4. In the text, what does Emma’s family look like today?
✍️ Write: Project step 1: a portrait of a family member أكتب
Our module project is a class booklet called “Happy and Safe at Home”. In step 1, write a paragraph (80–100 words) to describe a member of your family: who he or she is, looks, character and what he or she does for the family.
Steps
- Choose the person and say who he or she is (name, age, job).
- Describe the looks with 2–3 adjectives.
- Describe the character with 2–3 adjectives and give an example for each.
- Finish with what you feel for this person.
A model text to compare with (after writing mine)
My favourite relative is my grandmother, Hedia. She is 72 and she lives with us in Nabeul. She is short and a little round, with kind brown eyes and white hair. She is very patient: she listens to all my stories, even the boring ones. She is also wise. When my brother and I are fighting, she finds the right words and we stop at once. She is not severe, but everybody respects her. She cooks the best couscous in the world and she tells us old stories about her village. I love her deeply, and I want to be as wise as her one day.
One good example among many: compare, don’t copy.
😊 The lighter side استراحة
Blood is thicker than water.
I am your mother’s brother’s son. Who am I?
Answer
Your cousin.
Teacher: “Why are you late?” — Pupil: “Because of the sign!” — “What sign?” — “The one that says: School ahead, go slow!”
✅ Exercises تمارين
All exercises →6 exercises on three levels, with new questions every time.
- Choose the right answerTo do
- ClassifyTo do
- Situation 1To do
- Situation 2To do
Practise: Family Relationships
True or false, complete, choose, classify and situations: instant correction with explanations.
Got the lesson? Try it yourself
6 exercises · instant correction · new questions every time
Start the exercisesPictures: Twemoji (CC-BY 4.0). Texts, explanations and exercises: Scolaire.tn.